The bastion fortress founded in 1780 by Emperor Josef II., served during the Second World War as arrest and concentration camp. Interned there were more than 140 000 Jews the majority of whom was further sent to the extermination camp in Osvětim. Their fate is reminded by several expositions, the National Cemetery in front of the fortress, Museum of Ghetto in the building of the former school and the memorial in the object of the former Magdeburg barracks with replicas of arrest billets.